Theoretical Analysis Of Ecological Factor Scheduling -- Leather Sludge

< p > ecological factor scheduling theory applies not only to ecology, but also to some industries. Here is an analysis to show you.

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< p > > a href= "http://sjfzxm.com/news/index_x.asp" > leather industry < /a > is the pillar industry of China's light industry and an important export earning industry.

From the perspective of the global leather industry, the total annual demand for leather is about more than 200 million m2, equivalent to about 300 million cowhide (standard leather) output, and China's leather output is equivalent to nearly 70 million sheets of standard leather, accounting for 23.33% of the world's leather output.

Quanzhou is one of the main places of leather industry in Fujian province. Its annual output value is over ten billion yuan, and the environmental pollution problem is more serious in history.

经各年整改搬迁，目前尚留在当地的大型企业铬液回收、灰皮水回收和减量、综合废水处置、含铬危废处置等多已达标，但综合皮革污泥处置是一项国内外公认难题，由于皮革工艺特点，在尚无法废除铬鞣的情况下，污泥中不可避免含有大量铬、铁、硫酸钙、铅、铜、硫、盐度及其他有机污染物等，由于环保压力传统回收作为工业明胶的途径进一步萎缩，如用于填埋和堆肥则导致大量污染物释放及土地盐碱化，如用于焚烧则大量极其恶臭的气体和二恶英等生成，均遭到居民与焚烧/填埋场的大力抵制，随着环保意识的提高，皮革污泥处置压力迅速增大，如未能迅速解决，则以往200-300元/吨的污泥处理费将为2000-3000元/吨的危险废物处理费所替代，严重危及该行业生存。

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< p > the existing theory of domestic and foreign leather sludge disposal technology, using Chen Kai Han - Li Xiaowen's theory of ecological factor scheduling theory is analyzed from the perspective of leather contaminant migration: < /p >

< p > < strong > 1. When landfill and composting were used, the main pathway of pollutants migration was: 1. soluble organic matter and heavy metals through long term migration of runoff and groundwater infiltration; /strong

2. land is fixed.

3. migration to plants and microorganisms.

4. migrate to the atmosphere in the form of gaseous pollutants and dust.

The degradation process of leather sludge is a process of natural degradation and mineralization of high polymer natural organic matter and leather additives, and the total amount of oxygen supply is very high.

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The process of compaction is a serious phenomenon, which obstruct air oxygen from entering the soil and material piles. Therefore, the existing composting and landfill processes are mainly anaerobic fermentation, and the methane and odor gases generated by anaerobic processes will lead to serious environmental pollution. The scheduling technologies that need to be solved include the low temperature drying / tail gas treatment and the sludge porous technology research and development. The equipment is expected to be invested more and the cost effective ratio is not good. 2., the leather sludge is highly saltwater sludge and is not easy to eluate, which is unfavorable for the survival and absorption of the fermented strains such as common rods, actinomycetes, and other plants after composting. 3., the pollutants in the sludge are not easy to be immobilized by soil minerals and ions, and the leaching and removal are difficult to industrialize due to the high water holding capacity of compost. < p > the problem is: 1., the sludge itself is sticky and dry.

If the technology of anaerobic fermented liquid fertilizer is used, because of the high mineral content in the leather sludge, it is impossible to avoid the disposal of a large number of biogas residues. Therefore, further development of this technology requires substantial technological breakthroughs, and the risk of industrialization is large, and the development prospect is not good enough.

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< p > < strong > two. When the incineration method was used to treat < /strong >, the main ways of pollutants migration were as follows: 1.. After high temperature degradation, it was discharged into the air.

2. pollutants are fixed and discharged into the ground.

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＜p＞　　存在问题是：1.在800摄氏度以下焚烧时，因O,Cl等元素同时大量存在二恶英大量生成的问题难以解决，且焚烧灰不易形成高稳定性的玻璃相封闭烧渣(昂贵的硼酸盐玻璃相除外，且硼酸盐玻璃相的分相溶出问题依然难以解决)，高于800摄氏度时重金属氯化物的挥发严重但容易形成有效的玻璃相封闭;焚烧过程皮革裂解气恶臭高硫，如采用传统焚烧去除裂解气思路需要大量空气补充，相应加大了能耗和尾气处理难度，催化补燃则因大量焚烧飞灰存在需要复杂的前处理设备，为目前焚烧厂无法接受;2.污染物的固定可靠性问题，主要包括固定相耐候性，溶出量，机械强度等，由于皮革污泥中含有大量的可溶性盐类，需要外加大量的玻璃相生成物方可有效包裹之，这意味着制建筑砖(粗陶质)、传统陶粒等传统途径同样存在很大的危险性，且预计成本会＜a href="http://sjfzxm.co

M/news/index_x.asp > > /a >.

Therefore, there is still a big technical threshold for the development of this kind of technology.

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< p > < strong > three. Adopting the latest thermal cracking treatment technology < /strong >, the main migration pathways of pollutants are: pyrolysis cracking, cracking oil and cracking gas collection, combustion treatment, combustion gas purification, and 2. cracking materials are carbonaceous porous materials, which contain heavy metals and salt residues in leather sludge.

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